In a wok or large frying pan, heat the oil over high heat.
Add the chopped garlic and stir-fry for about 10 seconds until it starts to turn golden, being careful not to let it burn.
Add the marinated chicken slices and stir-fry until the surface begins to brown, but the inside remains slightly raw, approximately 1 minute.
Introduce the shredded cabbage, julienned carrot, and the white parts of the green onions. Stir-fry for about 1 1/2 minutes until the cabbage has mostly wilted.
Add the prepared noodles, the remaining sauce, and the water. Stir-fry for about 1 minute, ensuring everything is well-tossed and coated.
Finally, add the bean sprouts and the green parts of the green onions. Stir them through for about 30 seconds until the bean sprouts begin to soften.
Remove from heat and serve immediately.