Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease and flour three 8-inch cake pans, or coat them with baking spray. For extra security, line the bottom of each pan with parchment paper to prevent sticking.
In a large mixing bowl or the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the flour, sugars, baking soda, baking powder, and salt. Stir together until everything is evenly distributed. With the mixer on low, gradually add the softened butter, one tablespoon at a time, ensuring each piece is fully mixed in before adding the next. The texture should resemble slightly coarse sand once all the butter is incorporated.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, eggs, and vanilla extract until smooth. Slowly pour this wet mixture into the dry ingredients, keeping the mixer on low speed. Stop occasionally to scrape down the sides of the bowl, making sure the batter is completely smooth and silky.
Divide the batter evenly among the three prepared cake pans. Place them in the preheated oven and bake for 30-32 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Rotate the pans halfway through baking for even results. Once baked, allow the cakes to cool in the pans for 10-15 minutes before running a knife around the edges and inverting onto a cooling rack. Let the cakes cool completely before assembly.